The nurse working in an outpatient clinic is preparing to teach insulin injection to an elderly male client who is hard of hearing yet refuses to wear prescribed hearing aids. Which of the following communication strategies would be most appropriate for the nurse to use?

Number 3 is correct.

Proper lighting allows the client to see your face, improving communication. In many types of hearing loss, the ability to hear higher-pitched tones is lost. Unless you know the client knows sign language, this communication form will frustrate the client. Gentle touching allows the client to know where you are located.