A client is prescribed diazepam (Valium) as needed to control the symptom of alcohol withdrawal. Which symptom may indicate the need for the nurse to administer phenytoin (Dilantin) to supplement the effect of Valium?

  1. disturbed heart rate
  2. hallucinations
  3. drowsiness
  4. seizures
Number 4 is correct.
Rationale: Phenytoin (Dilantin) may be given to a person experiencing seizures while undergoing withdrawal from alcohol. For a disturbed heart rate, lidocaine (Xylocaine) may be given. For hallucinations, Haldol (haloperidol) may be given. For drowsiness, the nurse would lessen the dosage of diazepam.