During assessment of a client, the nurse notes crackles in the lung bases and bilateral pedal edema. A common cause of fluid volume excess is which factor?

Number 1 is correct.

In a compromised client, fluid volume excess can result from excessive IV infusion. Administration of corticosteroids on a short-term basis will not affect fluid volume excess. Diarrhea and fever will result in loss of body fluids rather than accumulation.